Commonly Used DIN Standards for Fasteners
Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) standards have historically served as the foundational specifications for mechanical fasteners in Europe and globally. While many DIN fastener standards have been harmonized into EN (European Norm) and ISO (International Organization for Standardization) standards, DIN designations remain widely referenced in engineering practice, procurement specifications, and manufacturing documentation. The following categories cover the most prevalent DIN standards for industrial fasteners.
1. Bolts, Screws, and Studs
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | ISO/EN Equivalent | Key Specifications |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIN 931 | Hexagon head bolts with shank (partial thread) | ISO 4014, EN 24014 | M1.6–M64; property classes 4.8–12.9 |
| DIN 933 | Hexagon head screws full thread | ISO 4017, EN 24017 | M1.6–M64; fully threaded along entire length |
| DIN 934 | Hexagon nuts | ISO 4032, EN 24032 | M1.6–M64; property classes 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 |
| DIN 912 | Cylinder head screws with hexagon socket (Allen) | ISO 4762, EN ISO 4762 | M1.6–M64; high-strength 12.9 common |
| DIN 7984 | Low head cap screws with hexagon socket | - | Reduced head height for space-constrained applications |
| DIN 7991 | Countersunk flat head screws with hexagon socket | ISO 10642, EN ISO 10642 | M3–M24; 90° countersink angle |
| DIN 916 | Hexagon socket set screws with cup point | ISO 4029, EN ISO 4029 | M1.6–M24; used for locking and positioning |
| DIN 939 | Studs, double end, metal end ≈ 1.25d | ISO 13918 | For flange and pressure vessel connections |
| DIN 976-1 | Threaded rods (studs), full thread | ISO 4753 | Property classes 4.8, 5.8, 8.8, 10.9, 12.9 |
2. Nuts
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | ISO/EN Equivalent | Key Specifications |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIN 934 | Hexagon nuts, style 1 (standard height) | ISO 4032 | Most common general-purpose nut |
| DIN 935 | Hexagon castle nuts with slots | ISO 7038, EN 7038 | For cotter pin locking; M6–M64 |
| DIN 936 | Hexagon thin nuts (low form) | ISO 4035, EN 24035 | Half standard height; used as lock nuts or space-limited |
| DIN 985 | Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts (nylon insert) | ISO 10511, EN ISO 10511 | Self-locking; reusable limited times |
| DIN 1587 | Hexagon domed cap nuts | ISO 1587, EN 28838 | Decorative and protective closure |
| DIN 2510 | Nuts for high-temperature bolting | - | Creep-resistant steels; petrochemical applications |
| DIN 929 | Hexagon weld nuts | ISO 21670 | With weld projections for fusion welding |
| DIN 980 | All-metal prevailing torque lock nuts | ISO 7042, EN ISO 7042 | Metal deformation locking; high-temperature capable |
3. Washers
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | ISO/EN Equivalent | Key Specifications |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIN 125 | Plain washers (standard series) | ISO 7089, EN ISO 7089 | Hardness 200 HV; general purpose |
| DIN 126 | Plain washers (coarse series, larger OD) | ISO 7091, EN ISO 7091 | Lower hardness 100 HV; softer assemblies |
| DIN 127 | Spring lock washers (split type) | ISO 4017 | Hardened steel; anti-vibration locking |
| DIN 128 | Curved spring washers | - | Wave form; lighter locking force |
| DIN 137 | Wave spring washers | - | Axial preload compensation |
| DIN 2093 | Disc springs (Belleville washers) | ISO 2092 | High spring loads; bolted joint tensioning |
| DIN 433 | Small series plain washers | ISO 7092, EN ISO 7092 | Reduced OD for space-constrained joints |
| DIN 436 | Plain washers for U-sections and timber constructions | - | Large OD; load distribution |
| DIN 6796 | Conical spring washers (disc springs) | - | High spring rate; dynamic loading |
| DIN 6916 | Plain washers for high-strength structural bolting | EN 14399-6 | Hardened 300 HV; EN 1090 compliance |
4. Screws for Specific Applications
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | ISO/EN Equivalent | Application Domain |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIN 571 | Hexagon head wood screws (lag screws) | - | Timber construction; M5–M20 |
| DIN 7500 | Thread-forming screws for metals | - | Self-tapping without chip removal |
| DIN 7504 | Self-drilling tapping screws | ISO 15480 | Drill point integrated; sheet metal |
| DIN 7513 | Hexagon head self-tapping screws | - | External hex drive; general metalwork |
| DIN 7516 | Pan head self-tapping screws | - | Cross recessed; general applications |
| DIN 7971 | Pan head tapping screws | ISO 1481 | Type C thread; sheet metal joining |
| DIN 7972 | Countersunk head tapping screws | ISO 1482 | Flush surface finish |
| DIN 7981 | Pan head self-tapping screws (cross recessed) | ISO 7049 | Type C; electronics, appliances |
| DIN 7982 | Countersunk head self-tapping screws (cross recessed) | ISO 7050 | Flush mounting applications |
| DIN 7985 | Pan head machine screws (cross recessed) | ISO 7045 | M1.6–M10; general machinery |
| DIN 965 | Countersunk head machine screws (cross recessed) | ISO 7046 | Flush finish; M1.6–M10 |
5. Pins, Retaining Rings, and Fastening Elements
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | ISO/EN Equivalent | Key Specifications |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIN 7 | Parallel pins (dowel pins) | ISO 2338 | Hardened and unhardened; location and alignment |
| DIN 6325 | Parallel pins, hardened and ground | ISO 8734 | Precision fit; tooling and fixtures |
| DIN 1481 | Spring-type straight pins (roll pins) | ISO 8752 | Slotted; elastic retention |
| DIN 471 | External retaining rings (circlips) for shafts | ISO 471 | Axial component retention |
| DIN 472 | Internal retaining rings for bores | ISO 472 | Housing bore retention |
| DIN 6799 | External retaining rings (E-rings, E-clips) | - | Quick assembly; light retention |
| DIN 94 | Cotter pins (split pins) | ISO 1234 | Castellated nut locking; M1–M16 |
| DIN 1 | Taper pins with internal thread | ISO 8737 | Extractable; repeated assembly |
| DIN 1471–1476 | Grooved pins | ISO 8740–8745 | Drive-in retention; no reaming required |
6. Rivets
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | ISO/EN Equivalent | Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIN 124 | Round head rivets (solid) | ISO 10510 | Structural steelwork |
| DIN 302 | Countersunk head rivets | ISO 10511 | Flush surface requirements |
| DIN 660 | Round head rivets for general use | ISO 1051 | M2–M20; low carbon steel |
| DIN 661 | Countersunk head rivets | ISO 10511 | Aircraft, vehicle bodywork |
| DIN 7337 | Blind rivets (break mandrel type) | ISO 14589 | One-side access; sheet metal |
| DIN 7338 | Blind rivet nuts (rivnuts) | - | Threaded inserts for thin materials |
7. Threaded Inserts and Wire Thread Inserts
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | Application |
|---|---|---|
| DIN 8140 | Wire thread inserts (Helicoil type) | Thread repair and reinforcement |
| DIN 7965 | Threaded inserts with cutting slot | Self-tapping inserts for light metals |
| DIN 338 | Threaded inserts, solid bushing type | Heavy-duty thread reinforcement |
8. High-Strength Structural Bolting
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | EN/ISO Equivalent | Critical Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIN 6914 | High-strength hexagon bolts for structural steel | EN 14399-4 | Preloaded connections; HV system |
| DIN 6915 | High-strength hexagon nuts for structural steel | EN 14399-4 | Matched with DIN 6914 bolts |
| DIN 6916 | Plain washers for high-strength structural bolting | EN 14399-6 | Hardened; prevents embedment |
| DIN 7990 | Hexagon head bolts for steel structures (non-preloaded) | EN 15048 | General structural connections |
9. Material and Property Class Standards
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| DIN 267 | Technical specifications for fasteners | General requirements across all fastener types |
| DIN EN 20898-2 | Mechanical properties of fasteners (nuts) | Property classes 4–12 |
| DIN EN ISO 898-1 | Mechanical properties of carbon steel and alloy steel bolts, screws, and studs | Property classes 4.8–12.9 |
| DIN EN ISO 3506 | Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners | A2-70, A4-80 designations |
| DIN 267-27 | Fasteners for high-temperature applications | Creep-resistant steels |
| DIN 267-28 | Fasteners for low-temperature applications | Toughness at cryogenic temperatures |
10. Surface Treatment and Coating Standards
表格
| DIN Standard | Description | Application |
|---|---|---|
| DIN 267-9 | Fasteners with hot-dip galvanized coatings | Structural outdoor applications |
| DIN 267-10 | Fasteners with zinc flake coatings (Geomet/Dacromet) | Automotive; high corrosion resistance |
| DIN 50961 | Electroplated zinc coatings on iron materials | General industrial plating |
| DIN 50962 | Chromate conversion coatings on zinc | Color and white passivation |
Transition to EN/ISO Harmonization
Since the 1990s, most DIN fastener standards have been superseded by EN or ISO equivalents. However, DIN standards remain valid as national implementations of European and international norms. In practice:
DIN EN ISO XXXXX indicates full adoption of an ISO standard as a European and German national standard
DIN EN XXXXX indicates a European standard adopted nationally
Original DIN XXXXX standards without EN/ISO prefix are progressively withdrawn or maintained for specific national applications
Engineers should verify current validity through the DIN standards catalog or Beuth Verlag, as active standard numbers evolve with harmonization efforts.
Practical Selection Guidance
表格
| Application Scenario | Recommended DIN Standard Series |
|---|---|
| General machinery assembly | DIN 931/933, DIN 934, DIN 125 |
| Precision instrument and tooling | DIN 912, DIN 7984, DIN 433 |
| Automotive and transportation | DIN 7500, DIN 7504, DIN 7981/7982 |
| Structural steel construction | DIN 6914–6916, DIN EN 14399 |
| Corrosion-resistant environments | DIN EN ISO 3506 (stainless steel grades) |
| High-temperature pressure equipment | DIN 2510, DIN 267-27 |
| Sheet metal and electronics | DIN 7981, DIN 7985, DIN 7504 |
