Laser Cutting and Welding in Mechanical Processing Currently, China's mechanical processing manufacturing industry is undergoing in-depth transformation and upgrading, aiming at high added value and high technical barriers of high-end precision CNC processing, which is an important direction for many precision machinery manufacturers. With the increasing demand for high-precision mechanical processing, the related precision CNC processing technologies have also been rapidly improved, among which laser technology has been widely applied in precision machinery manufacturers.
According to the size of the mechanical processing materials and the precision requirements of CNC processing, laser mechanical processing technology has different levels: CNC processing precision is generally at the millimeter or sub-millimeter level, corresponding to laser mechanical processing technology for large parts materials mainly of medium and thick plates; CNC processing precision is generally at the ten-micrometer level, corresponding to precision laser mechanical processing technology mainly for thin plates; Laser micro-mechanical processing technology is mainly for various films with a thickness of less than 100μm, and its processing precision is generally below ten micrometers or even at the sub-micrometer level.
Laser Precision Cutting Laser precision cutting is fast, with smooth and flat cutting edges, generally without the need for subsequent CNC processing; the heat-affected zone of cutting is small, and the deformation of the plate is minimal; the processing precision is high, repeatability is good, and it does not damage the surface of the material. By using pulsed laser beams, they are focused on the surface of the mechanical processing object, forming high-energy-density light spots, which instantly melt or vaporize the processed materials at high temperatures.
Laser precision cutting generally uses nanosecond or picosecond lasers according to the mechanical processing object, which can focus on ultra-fine spatial areas, and have extremely high peak power and extremely short laser pulses, thus achieving "ultra-fine" CNC processing. In production processes that require high precision, such as mobile phone screen cutting, fingerprint recognition pieces, and LED invisible scribing, laser precision cutting technology has an unparalleled advantage.
Laser Precision Welding Laser precision welding does not require filler materials and electrodes, and it is a non-contact welding process that can weld materials of different thicknesses or high-melting-point difficult-to-melt metals. A high-intensity laser beam is radiated onto the working area of the mechanical processing product, and through the interaction of the laser with the material, a multi-density concentrated heat source area is quickly formed in the welded area. The heat melts the welded area and then solidifies and crystallizes upon cooling to form a solid weld point or seam.
With the promotion of new energy vehicles, the demand for power batteries continues to increase. Laser welding, as the standard welding in the field of power batteries, is widely used in the front-end ear welding, the middle segment welding of the bottom cover, top cover, and sealing pins, and the back-end battery connection piece and negative pole sealing welding. In the 3C field, various mobile phone modules, mid-board covers, etc., all cannot do without laser precision welding technology.
Nanjing Mechanical Technology Co., Ltd. points out that under the current technological development and market environment, the application of laser cutting and welding is more widespread in precision machinery manufacturers, and 3C electronics and new energy batteries are the current mechanical processing fields with the most applications.
